California Analytical Instruments, Inc. has been providing quality gas analyzers & systems used in Industrial, Environmental, Process and Automotive Emissions applications for over 25 years.
Our goal is to provide innovative, cost effective, reliable solutions. We believe there is no substitute for personal attention to the product requirements & support needs of our customers.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Carbon dioxide (chemical formula CO2) is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's atmosphere in this state. CO2 is a trace gas comprising 0.039% of the atmosphere.
Applicable Products:
600 Series NDIR
600 D-Series NDIR
600 Series UV
ZRE NDIR
600 Series FTIR
Innova
Methane (CH4)
Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH4. It is the simplest alkane, and the principal component of natural gas. Methane's bond angles are 109.5 degrees. Burning methane in the presence of oxygen produces carbon dioxide and water.
Methane is a relatively potent greenhouse gas. Compared with carbon dioxide, it has a high global warming potential of 72 (calculated over a period of 20 years) or 25 (for a time period of 100 years). Methane in the atmosphere is eventually oxidized, producing carbon dioxide and water. As a result, methane in the atmosphere has a half life of seven years.
The abundance of methane in the Earth's atmosphere in 1998 was 1745 parts per billion (ppb), up from 700 ppb in 1750. By 2008, however, global methane levels, which had stayed mostly flat since 1998, had risen to 1,800 ppb. By 2010, methane levels, at least in the arctic, were measured at 1850 ppb, a level scientists described as being higher than at any time in the previous 400,000 years. In addition, there is a large, but unknown, amount of methane in methane clathrates in the ocean floors. The Earth's crust contains huge amounts of methane. Large amounts of methane are produced anaerobically by methanogenesis. Other sources include mud volcanoes, which are connected with deep geological faults, landfill and livestock (primarily ruminants) from enteric fermentation.
Applicable Products:
600 Series NDIR
ZRE NDIR
600 Series FID
600 Series HFID
600 Series M-HFID
600 Series FTIR
Innova
Propane (C3H8)
Propane is a three-carbon alkane, normally a gas, but compressible to a transportable liquid. It is derived from other petroleum products during oil or natural gas processing. It is commonly used as a fuel for engines, oxy-gas torches, barbecues, portable stoves and residential central heating.
When used as vehicle fuel, it is commonly known as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG or LP gas), which can be a mixture of propane along with small amounts of propylene, butane, and butylene. An odorant such as ethanethiol or thiophene is added so that people can easily smell the gas in case of a leak.
Applicable Products:
600 Series FID
600 Series HFID
600 Series M-HFID
600 Series FTIR
Innova
Hydrogen Chloride (HCL)
Hydrogen Chloride is composed of diatomic molecules, each consisting of a hydrogen atom H and a chlorine atom CL connected by a covalent single bond.
Since the chlorine atom is much more electro negative than the hydrogen atom, the covalent bond between the two atoms is quite polar. Consequently, the molecule has a large dipole moment with a negative partial charge ä- at the chlorine atom and a positive partial charge ä+ at the hydrogen atom. In part due to its high polarity, HCL is very soluble in water (and in other polar solvents).
Upon contact, H2O and HCL combine to form hydronium cations H3O+ and chloride anions CL- through a reversible chemical reaction:HCl + H2O >H3O+ + CL−. The resulting solution is called hydrochloric acid and is a strong acid.
Applicable Products:
600 Series FTIR
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Nitrous Oxide (N2O) is formed and emitted into the atmosphere in significant concentrations from several industrial chemical processes, in particular the production of nitric acid, caprolactam and adipic acid.
N2O is a strong greenhouse gas (GHG) and has a global warming potential of 310 times higher than CO2.
In the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) countries under the Kyoto Protocol, N2O is included as a GHG and N2O reduction projects can be used to generate tradable carbon credits and financial revenues.
Applicable Products:
600 Series FTIR
Innova
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Nitrogen dioxide is the chemical compound with the formula NO2. One of several nitrogen oxides, NO2 is an intermediate in the industrial synthesis of nitric acid, millions of tons of which are produced each year. This reddish-brown toxic gas has a characteristic sharp, biting odor and is a prominent air pollutant. Nitrogen dioxide is a paramagnetic bent molecule with C2v point group symmetry.
Applicable Products:
600 Series CLD
600 Series HCLD
650 Series CLD
600 Series FTIR
ZRE NDIR
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Nitric oxide (common name) or nitrogen monoxide (systematic name) is a chemical compound with chemical formula NO. This gas is an important signaling molecule in the body of mammals, including humans, and is an extremely important intermediate in the chemical industry. It is also an air pollutant produced by cigarette smoke, automobile engines and power plants.
Applicable Products:
600 Series CLD
600 Series HCLD
650 Series CLD / O2
ZRE NDIR
600 Series FTIR
Ammonia (NH3)
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3. It is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent odour. Ammonia contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to food and fertilizers. Ammonia, either directly or indirectly, is also a building block for the synthesis of many pharmaceuticals. Although in wide use, ammonia is both caustic and hazardous. In 2006, worldwide production was estimated at 146.5 million tons.
Applicable Products:
600 Series FTIR
Innova
Oxygen (O2)
Oxygen is the element with atomic number 8 and represented by the symbol O. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table, and is a highly reactive nonmetallic period 2 element that readily forms compounds (notably oxides) with almost all other elements. At standard temperature and pressure two atoms of the element bind to form dioxygen, a colorless, odorless, tasteless diatomic gas with the formula O2. Oxygen is the third most abundant element in the universe by mass after hydrogen and helium and the most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust. Diatomic oxygen gas constitutes 20.9% of the volume of air.
Applicable Products:
600P Series
600F Series
600 Series NDIR
ZRE NDIR
600 Series UV
650 Series CLD / O2
Sulfer Dioxide (SO2)
Sulfur dioxide (also sulphur dioxide) is the chemical compound with the formula SO2. It is produced by volcanoes and in various industrial processes. Since coal and petroleum often contain sulfur compounds, their combustion generates sulfur dioxide. Further oxidation of SO2, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as NO2, forms H2SO4, and thus acid rain. This is one of the causes for concern over the environmental impact of the use of these fuels as power sources.
Applicable Products:
600 Series UV
ZRE NDIR
600 Series NDIR
600 Series FTIR
Innova
Sulfer Hexafluoride (SF6)
Sulfur Hexafluoride is an inorganic compound with the formula SF6. It is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic and non-flammable gas (under standard conditions).
SF6 has an octahedral geometry, consisting of six fluorine atoms attached to a central sulfur atom. It is a hypervalent molecule.
Typical for a non-polar gas, it is poorly soluble in water but soluble in non-polar organic solvents. It is generally transported as a liquefied compressed gas. It has a density of 6.13 g/L at sea level conditions.
Applicable Products:
600 Series FTIR
Innova
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO, is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. It consists of one carbon atom covalently bonded to one oxygen atom. There are 2 covalent bonds and a dative covalent bond between the oxygen and carbon atom which comes from the oxygen.
Carbon monoxide is produced from the partial combustion of carbon-containing compounds, notably in internal combustion engines. Carbon monoxide forms in preference to the more usual carbon dioxide when there is a reduced availability of oxygen present during the combustion process.
Carbon monoxide has significant fuel value, burning in air with a characteristic blue flame, producing carbon dioxide.
Despite its serious toxicity, CO plays a highly useful role in modern technology, being a precursor to a myriad of products.
Applicable Products:
600 Series NDIR
ZRE NDIR
600 Series FTIR
Innova
Total Hydrocarbons (THC)
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been removed are functional groups, called hydrocarbyls. Aromatic hydrocarbons (arenes), alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes and alkyne-based compounds are different types of hydrocarbons.
Applicable Products:
600 Series FID
600 Series HFID
600 Series M-HFID
600 Series FTIR
Innova
Marca: CALIFORNIA ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS, INC
+54 9 11 6713-8305
